Then divide the number again by 9 to get square yards. When cosmetics dictate a resin/hardener choice, certain epoxy resin systems may offer a clear hardener to give you a clear or bright finish. If you’re building, are you finishing with gelcoat, or with primer and paint? Epoxy resin will yellow in sunlight unless it has UV protection added to it, or is protected with a UV resistant coating. Epoxy adheres to wood much better than polyester does. For example, the areas of expected load are different for sailboats compared to power boats. Before applying gel coat, remove any amine blush from the cured epoxy surface. However, the remaining three components: moisture, oxygen, and warmth, can still penetrate wood coated with solvented epoxy. If your polyester resin does not contain the accelerator, you must add the accelerator to the resin and mix thoroughly first, before adding and mixing in the MEKP catalyst. For example, it takes 10 oz. We designed 105 Epoxy Resin to wet out and bond with wood fiber, fiberglass, and reinforcing fabrics. This snowball effect increases until the epoxy cures—which in very large batches could take only a couple of minutes. Not a big job but working lying down makes it difficult. The most impressive aspect of the AdCoat paint is its exclusive acrylic resin … Vinylesters have a unique chemistry and that shares many working properties with the polyesters. Any input or product references would be greatly appreciated. During this period an increasing variety of epoxy formulations have become available for various applications that include thorough documentation, availability in economical quantities and are well suited to specific applications. More than 95% of all boats, truck & car bodies made of fiberglass are made primarily of E-glass, an orthothalic polyester resin and isothalic polyester gelcoat. All reinforcement materials come in different weights, such as 1.5 ounces, 4 ounces, 6 ounces, 12 ounces and more. Curing Agents for Resins MEKP (sold separately). Found inside – Page 287Marin-Epoxy products, Epoxy Fiberglass resin, Polyester Fiberglass resin, fiberglass cloth, tape, mat, Epoxy paints ... 624 South Michigan Ave., Chicago, Ill. Body-Cure can be used for marine repairs on fiberglass, wood or metal hulls. We’ve formulated 105 Epoxy Resin (and its corresponding hardeners) without volatile solvents. The keel has been damaged (my friend actually thinks that the boat at one time might of been dropped , Iâm not entirely convinced as it looks like the previous owner hit something) and the hull shows signs of vertical and round stress cracks. To decide which laminant is best for your laminating project, there are four important areas of focus. The hardener (part B) and the base resin (part A) co-react in an “addition reaction,” according to a fixed ratio. The alternative is to lay the dry material directly on the boat or mold surface and wet it out there. To prevent that from happening, what is the best spray on sealant??? Rot spores will remain in the wood, and even when encapsulated in solvented epoxy, they will only go dormant. To understand how to use laminants to take maximum advantage of their strengths, it’s important to understand the types of loads they experience. Hi there, Cellulose is the structure of the wood. To calculate how much woven or nonwoven reinforcement material you need, convert square feet to square yards. Ortho polyester, isothalic polyester and vinylester resins are compatible, they all have styrene (commonly known as the âfiberglass smellâ) and chemically bond to one another. Found inside – Page 30On the other hand , epoxies are distinctly trickier to handle than polyester , introduce some specific health risks , and both they and ... Finally , we should note that there are two kinds of polyester resin - orthophthalic or " ortho ... It has two layers of 45° unidirectional fabric placed one on top the other. To do this, divide the area in ft2 by 9 square yards to get square yards. Rick Senokosoff. For this reason, polyester resin comes in two forms, a laminating resin that does not contain wax, and a finishing resin that contains wax. Due to market fluctuations please call to confirm prices before ordering. It’s then ready for you to prep for paint or gel coat. It’s commonly used to achieve the highest strength to weight ratio in a layup. It is also not tough and fractures easily. Found inside – Page 37Since the epoxy resin concrete layer did not crack until the beams approached failure ( except beam 5A with fiberglass reinforcement ) , the cross - sectional moment of inertia remained higher than in conventional reinforced beams ... Depending on the type of resin that is used, it also helps to deliver a variety of benefits including corrosion or temperature resistance and electrical insulation. What are Primary and Secondary Bonds? Vinyl ester resin is chemically similar to polyester resin and they both bond well to each other. True Composites Fiberglass Resin Polyester Resin Marine Grade Resin 1 Gallon with MEKP Hardener Polymer Resin Fiberglass Repair Kit Laminating Resin 4.6 out of 5 stars 324. Because laminates are built from plies (layers), the fibers in the plies need to be placed so that loads are distributed evenly and shared among the plies. Today’s so-called “sales reps” don’t know NOTHIN!!! Together with the state-of-the-art aerodynamic profile, we can produce lighter blades having greater strength and improved dynamic behavior with less load transmitted to the rest of the components. But since WEST SYSTEM Epoxy is very strong and an excellent adhesive, it strengthens the wood and makes it waterproof. Avoid glue-starved joints by following the one- or two-step bonding method. With the exception of CSM, lower weight fiberglass materials turn completely transparent when wet out with epoxy, polyester, or vinyl ester resin; CSM turns transparent only when wet out with polyester or vinyl ester resins, which contain a solvent (styrene) that breaks down the mat that bonds the fibers in place. Choosing a Resin for Wet Layup CSM is typically used either to minimize weave print through and create a smooth layer under gelcoat, or to provide good bonding and interlaminar strength between fiberglass or carbon fiber layers in a multi-ply layup. Polyester resin typically contains an accelerator (styrene or cobalt) to ensure that the resin can cure at room temperature. Found inside – Page 3Polyester and Epoxy ins; resin-thinners; glass th, tape, and mat, plus fiber~ ss putty, repair kits. ... Front Street DORCH ESTER, N. J. THE ORIGINAL PACKAGED // KITS M 0 World's Largest v Line-New Fiberglass \ Hulls. Nonwoven fabrics, such as unidirectionals and multi-axials, lay flatter and carry loads more efficiently. Since mat sticks much better to wood than does cloth, always make mat your first layer against the wood to be covered in a polyester laminate project. Or should I use that Aerospace 260 ( ? ) Dimensions: area of keel 14â – 24â length by 1â – 2â wide x 1â x 2â high. VE resin is generally formulated to be UV resistant. It’s a myth that if you plan to gel coat over a repair, you must make the repair with polyester. Spraying has the advantage of creating a surface without the pinholing effect you might get applying the primer by brush or roller. Casting resins cure much slower than epoxy resins. This pile of materials is called a laminate stack. Found inside – Page 202Spray the surface with PVA ( polyvinyl alcohol ) or tape a piece of plastic wrap securely over the entire repair . Polyester or Epoxy A fiberglass patch can be made with polyester or epoxy resin . Polyester is less expensive than epoxy ... Face grain will not absorb nearly as much epoxy as end grain. The resins start as a liquid and polymerize during the cure process and harden. Thus, it is critical to use the correct mix ratio of resin to hardener in order to ensure a complete reaction. This is necessary to achieve sound primary bonds in the laminate. In a layup, this is the percentage of reinforcement fabric to the percentage of resin needed for wet out and to achieve the desired properties. Man, we need those knowledgeable guys BACK again!!! Unlike in polyester or vinyl ester resins, where the resin is catalyzed with a small (1-3%) addition of a catalyst, epoxy resins usually require the addition of the curing agent at a much higher ratio of resin to hardener, often 1:1 or 2:1. Found insideFiberglass repairs are made with either of two groups of materials : polyester resin , a promoter and a catalyst ; or epoxy resin and a catalyst . Mixing polyester catalyst with epoxy catalyst produces highly reactive results . Bottom paint prevents growth of organisms that attach to the hull and can affect a vessels speed, performance, and durability when boat is kept in the water for extended periods of time. We briefly discuss each of these resins below. The epoxy/cloth laminate is comparable to using polyester resin with 3/4 oz. SERIES 900. The surface area calculation will be in square feet. The benefit of vacuum bagging is that it removes all excess resin and trapped air, resulting in a laminate that is lighter and void-free giving it better strength. I always like to find the “secret stuff” and the old “lost knowledge” when it comes to the products I buy. Please refer to the Vacuum Bagging page for more information on this process. A calculator – for estimating resin and laminant amounts, (Optional) If doing a layup for a small fiberglass repair – acid brushes to apply epoxy resin and to smooth out any. Always work in…, Use the following Resin Chart as a guideline to determine resin coverage. Modifying this epoxy with WEST SYSTEM fillers creates an excellent structural adhesive or fairing compound. ), Catalyst, (Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide) MEKP. As an example to help you understand how weight is a consideration when choosing fiberglass, if you wanted a natural or bright finish on a small wooden boat, you need to use 4 oz. Take this area number and the ounce-weight of your fabric information and plug it into the following equation from the Gougeon brothers’ book on boat construction to get the amount of resin needed to wet out the laminant and fill the weave using three coats of resin. Research the products you want […] Please refer to the Vacuum Bagging page for more information on this process. Do not add additional hardener hoping to make epoxy resin cure faster. Blended with hardener at the proper ratio, it cures to a hard, solid plastic with superior physical properties. It does not cure completely in the presence of air, so wax is typically mixed in to achieve a proper cure. It’s also used in layups to sheath new wooden boats in a layer of resin and reinforcement material because of its strength, flexibility, durability, and abrasion resistance over polyester and vinyl ester. The vacuum bagging process involves placing the layed up piece (either a part or an entire hull) inside a plastic bag, applying layers of release and breather fabric atop the resin-saturated laminant layer(s), sealing the bag, and applying vacuum pressure until completely cured. In a symmetrical stack, the plies above the center or mid-line of a laminate are a mirror image of the plies below. We’d like to get a little more information regarding your catamaran. More than one layer of nonwoven fabric stitched together is called a multi-axial fabric, for example biaxial or biax (two layers), tri-axial or triax, quadraxial, and so on. CAUTION! Fiberglass is the least expensive of the reinforcement materials. Wet layup is used for building and repairing boats, and making composite parts. Our poly resin is green, and our vinylester is orangish when cured. A composite laminate is a laminate that contains more than one layer, or ply, of reinforcement materials. To avoid this, make deep castings in layers. It’s in our fiberglass boat repair videos and discussed it our magazine, Epoxyworks. !” Some of the most typical resins used alongside carbon fiber and fiberglass reinforcements are polyester, vinyl ester, polyurethane and epoxy. I agree, I've been dealing with fiberglass since the early 60's, building surfboards, then later building 2 boats a 42' powerboat and a 38' LOA Bristol Channel Cutter sailboat. When a composite part needs to be reproduced numerous times, it is efficient to build a mold from which the part can be reproduced. The shelf life of polyester resin is about 6 months – 1 year. In general, woven fabrics wet out well, with some weave styles (see below) wetting out more readily than others. Typically, the heavier the reinforcement material, the greater the amount of resin needed to saturate the material. $47.78. To make your boat waterproof and add strength, or create composite parts, use a combination of reinforcement material and resin in a method called wet layup. Spraying a high build primer to fill the weave may also save you some time over filling with epoxy resin. This means also paying attention to the orientation of the fibers in the consecutive plies (layers) of fabric in a laminate stack and placing them so the loads are balanced across all the fibers in the stack. However, the final laminant layer should be saturated in a polyester or vinyl ester "finishing" resin, which contains wax. Properly molded composite parts emerge perfectly shaped every time and require little post-finishing work. This is developed by the Bell Helicopter Training Academy to familiarize the pilot, and with the requirements and procedures involved in performing 100 hours of inspection of the helicopter, and by using the 260B maintenance manual chapter ... Polyester resins are compatible with CSM (fiberglass chopped strand mat), so it dissolves the binder in the CSM and cures to a strong composite. Differences between resins There are three main types of resins used for composite materials; polyester, vinyl ester and epoxy resins. Unlike epoxy resin, which requires exact amounts of resin and hardener to achieve a proper cure, you can manipulate the cure rate of polyester resin based on the percentage of catalyst mixed into the resin. If your original measurements are in feet, the surface area calculation will be in square feet. Un-isolated rot pores will continue devouring the cellulose, causing more rot. Turn a run-down fiberglass boat into a first-class yacht Since it first appeared in 1991, Don Casey’s This Old Boat has helped tens of thousands of sailors refurbish older fiberglass boats and has become a revered classic among boat ... The amounts of resin calculated previously are what’s needed to wet out one layer of laminant. It will not cure completely in the presence of air, so wax is mixed in to achieve a proper cure. If improperly mixed, the unwanted results include no cure, soft cure, or shrinkage from too much heat caused by an excessive exothermic reaction. Styrene can also be used to thin polyester gelcoat resin when spraying. When mixing epoxy resin, it’s very important to use proper mix ratios specific to each resin manufacturer, and to mix the resin and hardener thoroughly before adding any thickening agents or fillers. Just be warned, even although your Epoxy Resin has a UV filter, if left outdoors for a long time it will start to yellow. To cover wood, a laminate using epoxy resin and 10 oz, cloth will yield a much better job than 10 oz. Epoxy costs more than polyester resin. Of course, the fiberglass needs to stick to the foam core somehow, which is done using a type of resin, which is basically a form of glue. Vinylester is most often used with fiberglass, but is also applied to carbon fiber as an outer cosmetic coating. The resins are typically thermal set resins such as polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy, polyurethane and phenolic. Is there a clear difference visually between polyester and vinyl ester when it is laid up? You can vary the cure time for polyester/vinyl ester resins by reducing or increasing the amount of catalyst, as specified by the resin manufacturer. The resin is an epoxy resin but its strength to flexibility properties are drastically improved. Found insideIf your first boat is going to be new or used it is helpful to know what material it is made of. Is it constructed of a thin and delicate material ... Wood hulls are sometimes covered with fiberglass cloth and polyester or epoxy resin. Epoxy resin is a two-component system consisting of liquid resin and a hardener, which allows the resin to cure. This "dry" method is ok for smaller pieces of laminant or for persons more experience doing hand layups. The type of acid used in polyester resin is either orthophthalic (ortho-polyester) or isophthalic (iso-polyester). It varies but is typically about a year, if stored according to the manufacturer’s specifications. Thank you. It was commonplace to see a 70-foot long mold shrink 3/32″ over the entire 70-foot length. Moderating clamp force is all you need. I cannot thank them enough for the technical help I was given to assist me in finishing a project I had. Fast and slow hardeners are used to either accelerate or slow down the working and cure times of the epoxy resin. Successfully added to trolley. The cost is in the range between fiberglass and carbon fiber. Luxor Fibreglass Matt (80g) Select nearest store. Fiber orientation has a direct effect on strength, stiffness, and dimensional stability. Some epoxy will remain on wood surfaces, and some of it will penetrate into the wood. Bondo® Fiberglass Resin is a strong material commonly used for autos, boat building and other repairs. This is because solvented epoxy is a poor moisture barrier. As mentioned before, this type of polyester resin is also excellent at binding with fiberglass, which is a difficult material to work with. Found inside – Page 27The panels then are bonded together with a thickened resin mixture in combination with fiberglass cloth. ... Either polyester or epoxy resin can be used and the thickening agent may be in the fonn of very fine sawdust (wood flour), ... 4. Mix thoroughly for approximately three minutes. The wax prevents all air exposure to the surface of the laminate and allows it to cure properly. Polyester or vinyl ester resin is typically used to wet out CSM because the solvent, styrene, in these resins dissolves the binder in the mat backing and wets it out completely. Woven/nonwoven laminants are sold in ounces per square yard, and wet out requires an amount of resin equal to the weight of the laminant(s). However, for relatively small cosmetic repairs, epoxy resin can be used in the repair layup as long as you do the following: Epoxy and polyester/vinyl ester resins are all types of thermoset polymers, meaning they remain solid once cured, and can’t be affected by exposure to high temperatures. Found inside – Page 85Generally , resins used in fiberglass work are polyesters . Although epoxy resins may be used , we limit our discussion to the more popular polyester resins . Polyester resin is a thermosetting plastic — the resin sets , or cures ... Thank you in advance! Use this schedule to create the order of operations you’ll use to complete your layup successfully. Polyester resin products generally stick to wood, other fiberglass or polyester resin substrates, and metals. Apply quick-release masking tape and poly sheeting to cover any areas you want to protect. Applied with a roller, it offers excellent thin-film characteristics. 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A glue-starved joint am wondering what my best choice ; it costs less than epoxy and poly-silicone coatings and totally! With five to seven days, versus six to eight hours for polyester and vinyl ester resin in layup.
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